FApressure vessels
Familiarity with pressure vessels
Pressure tanks or cryogenic tanks are devices that consist of two internal and external tanks and are used to store super-cold cryogenic liquids. The importance of pressure tanks is due to the fact that the temperature inside the internal tank is very cold (about minus 196) and the temperature outside the external tank is the ambient temperature (up to about 50 degrees) and this tank stores this liquid with minimal heat exchange.
To better understand this issue, if we fill this tank with ice, 14 years later, the water inside the tank will still be cold.
The inner tank of pressure tanks is made of stainless steel and their outer tank is made of carbon steel. These devices have the ability to store super cold liquids with minimal heat exchange with the surrounding environment.
One of the important features of cryogenic tanks is that they do not need electricity to store cryogenic liquid. This is because in this system, the preservation process is done by freezing the cryogenic liquid. In this way, system costs are reduced and energy consumption is saved
If you intend to inquire about the price list of pressure vessels or purchase pressure vessels, you can contact the experts of Farjad Trade Development Company and use the purchase consultation service for free.
Mobile phone: 09136432383 _ Landline phone: 03133808270
Applications of pressure tanks (cryogenic tank)
Pressure vessels are used as a storage system for liquids with very low temperatures, in industries such as space, medicine and chemical industries.
Pressure vessels in the field of health
Using pressurized tanks (cryogenic tanks) to supply oxygen in hospitals and treatment centers is a suitable option. Due to the special mechanical properties of these tanks, they can maintain a high pressure inside them, which ensures safety, stability and oxygen supply.
Also, the use of pressure tanks and cryogenic tanks ensures that oxygen is supplied with high purity (99%). Also, due to not depending on electricity, these tanks are always ready to supply oxygen and there will be no problem to supply oxygen in case of power failure.
In general, the use of cryogenic tanks is a suitable option for hospitals and medical centers due to their physical and mechanical characteristics, economic efficiency and high purity of oxygen.
Pressure vessels in industry
Pressure and cryogenic tanks are able to store industrial gases such as nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide due to their special characteristics. These gases are used in various industries such as welding and cutting, food industry, etc.
Storing gas in liquid form can be the best method due to lower costs. Also, using pressure tanks or cryogenic tanks, industrial gases such as nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide can be stored with high purity.
In order for industrial gases to remain isolated and not contaminated, they need to be stored in special conditions. Cryogenic tanks with the ability to maintain high pressure and low temperature are known as one of the reliable methods for storing industrial gases with high purity.
Pressure tanks in aquaculture
A type of pressure tank (cryogenic tank), liquid oxygen tanks are part of the fixed equipment in aquaculture and are working permanently and are able to provide the oxygen needed by aquatic animals without the need for electricity or operator.
The way these tanks work is that they are installed in the ground during the construction of the aquaculture complex and the oxygen liquid is charged inside the tank using oxygen transport machines. When opening the valve, the flow of oxygen with pressure in the pipeline will flow towards the cones and in this way it will be transferred to the aquatic ponds.
Supplying oxygen is one of the main factors in increasing the productivity and better growth of aquatic animals, and if oxygen is supplied with the right method and with high purity, the productivity of the collection can be doubled and it will bring more profitability for the farms.
The main components of pressure vessels (cryogenic)
Pressure tanks (cryogenic tanks) are divided into three main parts:
- Inner housing: Stainless steel contains nickel, chromium and molybdenum, which makes it resistant to corrosion and rust. The use of stainless steel in the walls of pressure tanks and cryogenic tanks is because these materials do not change their crystal structure at low temperatures such as -50. Also, the design of the walls is such that it maintains the permissible working pressure. Of course, according to the required thickness and pressure, it is possible to make walls with different designs and for different working pressure.
- Outer enclosure: according to existing standards in the industry, the outer wall of pressure vessels or cryogenic vessels should not be exposed to very low temperatures that exist in cryogenics; Therefore, it can be made of materials with a suitable working temperature, such as stainless steel or carbon steel, which can carry the surrounding pressure well under normal conditions.
- Thermal insulation: the space between the inner and outer container is filled with insulating materials to prevent heat transfer due to direct contact between the inner and outer container. Also, the vacuum kept in this space helps to reduce heat transfer by conduction and radiation. This is because the gas in vacuum is almost a heatless substance and therefore, the heat exchange between it and the surfaces of the containers is reduced. Due to the absence of air in the space between the inner and outer container, this space acts as a very good thermal insulator and reduces the energy required to maintain the temperature of the cryogenic liquids and gases stored in the tank.
Advantages of using pressurized tanks (cryogenic tanks)
As mentioned, pressure tanks (cryogenic tanks) are a type of industrial storage tank that have many strengths in terms of loading, internal distribution and safety. Below we will mention some of these strengths:
Better internal distribution and optimization of resources
With the use of pressure tanks (cryogenic tanks), it is possible to store gases in large volumes and at high pressure, which helps companies to meet their needs in the field of industrial gases. Also, the variety in shape and size allows companies to optimally store and distribute different industrial gases. With this method, the wastage of industrial gases is prevented and the optimization of gas production and distribution costs becomes possible.
Reducing the cost of gas consumption
The use of pressure tanks and cryogenic tanks can reduce the costs of consumed gas due to some of the advantages mentioned earlier. For example, the use of cryogenic tanks allows companies to store industrial gases in a larger volume and at a higher pressure, which reduces the cost of the charging process and the overhead of charging gas cylinders under pressure.
In addition, the use of pressure tanks and cryogenic tanks allows companies to transfer industrial gases directly to lines, which reduces transportation costs. Also, by reducing the need for gas cylinders under pressure and the costs related to maintaining and maintaining these cylinders, the cost of production and distribution of industrial gases will be reduced.
Therefore, the use of cryogenic tanks will reduce the costs of consumed gas and enable companies to reduce many side costs.
Improving the charging and consumption process
Gases are charged in pressure tanks (cryogenic tanks) using cryogenic pump motors or heat exchangers. The main advantage of this system is that liquid gas is transferred directly from the place of production to the place of consumption with a very high pressure, and it causes more stability in the quality of gases, and also the use of these tanks helps the safety of the complex and employees.
Higher purity
One of the advantages of storing cryogenic gases and liquids in pressure tanks is the higher level of purity seen in this type of storage. For example, if cryogenic tanks are used for hydrogen storage, the level of hydrogen purity reaches about 99.99%.
If other methods are used to store cryogenic gases and liquids, we may face the problem of moving these materials, which will lead to a decrease in their purity level. Also, by directly transferring these materials from the production site to pressure tanks, the possibility of impurity entering and reducing gas purity is minimized.
For this reason, the use of cryogenic tanks and other pressurized tanks for storing cryogenic gases and liquids has been widely used in oil and gas industries, automotive industries, electronic industries, etc. as a safe and quality method for storing these materials. Is.
Increased safety
One of the advantages of using cryogenic tanks is having a low external pressure compared to other cryogenic gas and liquid storage systems. This reduces possible risks due to high pressure on pressure vessels.
Also, by using the central gas transmission system in the complexes and reducing the traffic of pressurized cylinders, the probability of accidents due to gas leakage from pressurized cylinders is reduced. However, if pressurized cylinders are used to transfer gas, the possibility of accidents due to gas leakage from the cylinders is very high.
Therefore, the use of cryogenic tanks along with the central gas transmission system, in addition to increasing safety in the storage and transmission of gases, will save costs and reduce environmental pollution caused by gas leakage.
Factors influencing the price of pressure vessels
The price of pressure vessels is determined according to various factors. We mention some of them in this section:
Tank volume: The volume of the pressurized tank is very important to determine the price. Larger tanks are usually more expensive.
Working pressure: Working pressure refers to the amount of pressure that the pressure tank can withstand. This pressure is usually measured in units of pressure (such as pascal or bar), and based on that, pressure vessels are divided into two groups with high and low working pressure. The working pressure of the tank affects its price. Tanks with higher working pressure are usually more expensive.
Type of structural material: The type of structural material of the tank also affects its price. Tanks made of quality and durable materials are usually more expensive. For example, pressure vessels made of steel are usually more expensive than those made of polyethylene. But due to their higher resistance to pressure and temperature, steel tanks are more suitable for high pressure liquids and in situations that require more safety.
Also, pressure vessels made of materials such as aluminum, titanium, and stainless steel are also usually more expensive than those made of other materials.
Type of liquid: The type of liquid that is placed in the tank also affects its price. Some dangerous or high-value liquids may increase the price of the tank.
Safety standards: These standards include things such as design, construction, installation, operation, maintenance and reconstruction of pressure vessels. The main purpose of these standards is to maintain the safety and health of employees and the community against the risks and threats associated with pressure vessels. Tank safety standards also affect its price. Tanks that meet higher safety standards are usually more expensive.
Construction technology: The construction technology of the tank also affects its price. The technology of manufacturing pressure vessels includes the use of materials and technologies that can produce tanks with high reliability and long life.
Technologies such as welding, rolling, turning, and heating are used in the construction of pressure vessels, and in general, the technology of pressure vessel construction must be done based on relevant standards and in compliance with safety and quality principles. Tanks built using more advanced technologies are usually more expensive.
You, dear audience, if you intend to inquire about the price of pressure vessels or buy pressure vessels, you can contact the experts of Farjad Trade Development Company and use the purchase consultation service for free.
Fixed phone: 03133808270 _ Mobile phone: 09136432383
Cryogenic gases
Cryogenic gas is a group of chemical compounds that are in the form of gas at normal temperature and pressure, but for storage, they must be kept at a very low temperature and in liquid form. These gases are kept as a cold liquid at very low temperatures (about -150 degrees Celsius) in pressure tanks.
The use of cryogenic gas in cryogenic tanks can be a suitable solution for long-term storage of organic materials. However, the instructions and regulations related to the use of this gas must be strictly followed to avoid any safety risks and damage to the environment.
These gases are mainly used in industrial, medical and military applications.
The most widely used cryogenic gases
Hydrogen cyanide gas (HCN)
One of the most famous cryogenic gases is hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which is formed by the combination of carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen atoms.
Sulfur dioxide gas (SO2)
Another cryogenic gas is sulfur dioxide (SO2), which is a compound of one sulfur atom and two oxygen atoms.
nitric oxide gas (NO)
Nitric oxide (NO) gas is also used in medicine. Nitric oxide gas is used in respiratory therapy.
An important point about the use of cryogenic gas
In general, the use of cryogenic gases in medicine as disinfectants, impregnations and air flow regulators can have beneficial effects. However, the use of these gases must be carried out under the supervision of medical professionals and in strict compliance with health laws and standards.
Please note that cryogenic gases are very dangerous and should be used with caution and under safe conditions. Also, the use of these gases must be coordinated with the relevant industrial and military laws and regulations
Frequently Asked Questions
Pressure tanks or cryogenic tanks are devices that consist of two internal and external tanks and are used to store cryogenic gas. These tanks are actually structures used to store liquids or gases under high pressure. This pressure can be static (fixed) or dynamic (current).
Industrial pressure vessels are usually made of metal materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and alloy steel.
Pressure tanks are used in various industries such as oil and gas industry, chemical industry, electricity, water and sewage, automotive and food industry. Their applications include storage and transportation of liquids and gases under pressure (cryogenic gas), use in industrial processes and transportation of hazardous materials.
The amount of pressure allowed in pressure tanks can be different according to standards, tank design and the type of liquid or gas stored. In the design of tanks, gas pressure and tolerable pressure are determined after various tests.
Some of the standard equipment for the safety of cryogenic tanks include: safety warning systems, cooling units, pressure safety valves, valve linings with low and unstable pressure, and equipment to comply with health and safety standards and regulations.
In the correct and safe design of cryogenic tanks, factors such as appropriate shape and dimensions, wall thickness, services required for maintenance and repairs, inspection standards and regulations, the type of liquid or gas stored and the location of the tank must be considered.